Book Title: Oeuvre de Jean Holbein; ou, Recueil de gravures d'apres les plus beaux ouvrages de ce fameux peintre. Publié par C. de Mechel

Author: Holbein, Hans, 1497-1543.

Image Title: Triumph of Poverty

Description: A depiction of the causes and effects of poverty. Hope (“Spes”) drives the cart, followed by Industry (“Industritia”), Practice (“Usus”), and Memory (“Memoria”). Industry is seen giving tools to a craftsman. Diligence (“Diligentia”), Care (“sollicitudo”), Moderation (“Moderatio”), and Work (“Labor”) stuggle to keep the horses and oxen in line, which embody desire (“cupiditas”), cowardice (“ignavia”), negligence (“negligentia”), and laziness (“pigritia”). Atop the cart ride Punishment (“Penia”) and Misfortune (“Infortunium”). Engraved by Federico Zuccari (1542/3–1609) after the original design by Hans Holbein, the Younger (1498–1543).

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